Drafting apparatus for enlarging or reducing pictures



(No Model.) A J. E. ULB'BR. v

DRAFTING APPARATUS FOR ENLARGING 0B. REDUCING PICTURES.

No. 406,796. Patented JuI y'Q, 1889.

' M114. fliiomeys.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JULIUS E. ULBER, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

DRAFTl NG APPARATUS FOR E NLARGING 0R REDUCING PICTURES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 406,796, dated July 9, 1889.

Application filed December 13, 1888. Serial No. 293,500- (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JULIUS E. ULBER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Detroit, county of Wayne, State of Michigan,

have invented a certain new and 'useful Improvement in Drafting Apparatus for Enlarging and Reducing Pictures; and I declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of an apparatus illustrating my invention. Fig. 2 is a View of the frame with the drawing=board or stretching-frame removed. Fig. 3 represents the clamps used to hold the movable pointer-supports. Fig. 4 shows the mode of holding the reduced scale in place. Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of the movable pointer. Fig. 6 is a detail view of a section of the frame-work.

In carrying out my invention A represents a suitable frame; B, a drawing board or frame with a sheet of paper stretched upon it.

C represents the picture to be enlarged.

D is a pivoted bar. This pivot is located at don the line of the edge of the bar. At 01' the bar is provided with an inch-scale, and which is permanently fixed to the bar, or preferably so. At 01 is a reduced scale. This scale is made interchangeable with other scales of enlarged or diminished graduations, as the case may be, and is adjustable above the bar. At the free end of the bar D is a hook d To this may be engaged a ring or loop e at the end of a cord E, and at the other end of this cord is a suitable Weight e. This is designed to counterpoise the weight of the bar, so that it will stand at any level. If at any time it is desirable to remove the bar D,

the cord may be unhooked from the end of the bar and be engaged with a stationary hook or pin e on the supporting-frame. The bar may then be removed from its pivot d, and the drawing-board or stretching-frame may likewise be removed.

F is a movable support carrying a piece of paper or card f, and held in place. upon the bar D by suitable friction-clamps, preferably springs f. The card f has a point f to assist in logging off the work, as will be hereinafter explained. G is another similar movable support carrying a piece of paper or card g, and with a similar point 9 I will now explain theoperation of the device.

a person, and I want the head to he, say, nine inches long, and upon a field of, say, twenty by twenty-four inches in dimensions, and I want to copy from a picture in which the head is only three inches in length. I select or make a scale d in which the graduations corresponding with nine inches shall occupy only three inches in length, or in which the reduced scale shall be graduated on the basis of one-third of an inch to an inch. The large sheet is adjusted so that the left edge of its field is at the leftrhand edge of the enlarged scale. I then mark the middle line of the reduced picture and large sheet and cause them both to register exactly with the top edge of the ruler or bar when the latter is in a horizontal position. I then lay oif on the small picture with the reduced scale a field corresponding with the field on the large sheet. Now to properly locate the reduced picture I raise the bar until its upper edge corresponds with one of the upper corners of the field of the large sheet. I then slide the reduced picture to the right or left until the corresponding corner of the reduced field is also on the line of the said upper edge of the bar, while the horizontal median lines are maintained in an exact registered position. The reduced picture is then tacked in place. Now I move the reduced scale (1 V to the left until its left-hand graduation corresponds with the left edge of the field of the small picture. I then place a dot or prick-point f on the small picture opposite any assumed point on the reduced scale-as, for instance, opposite the division 16and locate a similar dot g on the large sheet opposite the corresponding division 16 of the large inch-scale. I then move the bar and slide the movable support F until the point f of the hook rests 011 the said prick-point and make an index-mark on the said movable support opposite any division of thereduced scale-as,

Suppose that I want to make a picture of paper or card covers the dot g "the large scale.

for instance, the division 11. Now I slide the movable support G along the bar until its point 011 the card and cut away the card, so as to form a pointed end g and then adjust the support until this pointed end registers exactly with the dot y I then make an indexmark on the support to correspond with the division 11 of the large inch-scale, and all is ready for Work. Now to lay off any point on the large sheet I simply adjust the cardpoint f to that particular point on the small picture and note the point where its indexmark meets the reduced scale. 7 I then slide the movable support G until its index-mark registers with the corresponding division of The point of the card will designate the corresponding point of the enlarged picture. "This point is so shaped that' the artist may work in the adjacent portions of the picture.- In this way he may very quickly and with great accuracy lay off the entire picture. So, also, he may at any time before his picture is completed prove any one of his. points at once. So, also, he may continue from point to point in regular order, or he may skip from place to place, and rely with certainty upon his parts properly matching when they are merged together. I prefer to use paper or card-board on the movable supports because they are clean, white, and convenient. So, also, they are not so harsh as metal or celluloid, &e., and do not rub or mar the sheet or finished work. I would have it understood, however, that I may use any material where I employ the paper, and that all substances are contemplated and covered by my claims. Again, I might employ sets of these cards or pointers of metal or other material'and have corresponding sets of cards or pointers F and G; but I prefer to useone small card F and to cut suitable cards G to correspond therewith, as. circumstances may require. So, also, the reduced inch-scales might be made in sets to correspond with the usual sizes of small pictures, or the reduced scale may be made at the time to correspond with 'the' requirements of the work in hand, as

above explained.

The apparatus is obviously adapted equally well to reduce from a large picture to a small one, and this change needs no special elucidation.

A plate or bar D may be employed and held in place by suitable screws for securing the reduced inch-scales in position. The bar may be of any suitable material, and the frame A also may be of any convenient form. That shown in the drawings I have found to be very desirable, in which the drawing-board orstretching-frame is held in place by setscrewsb, and adjusting-screws b may be employed, if desired, for setting the stretchingframe or drawing-board out, so the planes of the picture and that of the large sheet may coincide with each other.

I dot this tion, with a suitable frame for the drawing sheet and the copy, of a pivoted bar provided with a large scale, a small scale, and movable supports F G, bearing pointers, said bar being adapted to be traversed across the sheet, and the pointer-supports adapted to be adjusted to corresponding points along their respective scales, substantially as described.

2. A drawing apparatus for enlarging or reducing pictures, consisting of the combination, With a supporting-frame for the drawing-sheet and the copy, of a pivoted bar 1), a fixed scale cl, a reduced scale (Z and pointers fixed to movable supports adapted to be adjusted along their respective scales, said reduced scale being made interchangeable with other reduced scales to correspond with the dimensions which the reduced picture bears to the larger picture, substantialty as described.

3. The combination, with the movable support G, of a pointer made of paper or cardboard, substantially. as and for the purposes described.

4:. The combination, with the movable supports F and G, of pointers made of paper or card-board, substantially as and for the purposes described. 7

5. The combination, with the bar D,l1aving a permanent inch or other scale cl, of an interchangeable scale (Z and means for temporarily securing said scale (1 in place on the bar, substantially as described.

6. The combination, with the movable supports F and G, of the pointers supported therefrom and having overhanging hooked points, thereby leaving a working-space between them and the supports, substantially as tion in the presence of two witnesses.

JULIUS E. ULBER.

Vitnesses:

W. H. GHAMBERLIN, W. S. HUYETTE. 

